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1
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Anti-HAV IgM ELISA (Abbott Laboratories, IL, USA)
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Screening for hepatitis A virus
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32286103
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2
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Vikia HBsAg ELISA (bioMérieux, Craponne, France)
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Screening for hepatitis B surface antigen
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3
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Murex anti-HCV version 4.0 ELISA (Diasorin, Midrand, South Africa)
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Screening for hepatitis C virus
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4
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bioELISA HEV IgM version 3.0 ELISA (Biokit, Barcelona, Spain)
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Screening for hepatitis E virus
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5
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Rapid tests (DPP, Bio-Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; SD Bioline, Standard Diagnostics, Suwon, South Korea)
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Screening for syphilis, HIV-1/2, dengue, and leptospirosis infections
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6
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Chemiluminescent ELISA (Abcam, MA, USA)
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Screening for CMV, Epstein-Barr virus, and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs)
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7
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Multiplex qPCR TaqMan assay
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Investigation of human herpes virus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2) and human herpes virus 6
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8
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Commercial colorimetric assay kits (Abbott)
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Biochemical analysis to determine the levels of liver enzymes and total bilirubin
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9
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Anti-B19V IgG and IgM ELISA (Biotrin International Ltd., Dublin, Ireland)
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Evaluation of anti-B19V IgG and IgM antibodies
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10
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QIAamp DNA Blood Mini kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)
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Extraction of B19V DNA from sera
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11
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QIAamp Fast DNA Tissue kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany)
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Extraction of B19V DNA from liver explants
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12
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7500 Real-Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, MA, USA)
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Quantification of B19V load by real-time PCR using TaqMan system
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13
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BigDye Terminator v. 1.1 cycle sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems)
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Direct sequencing of PCR products
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14
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QIAquick gel extraction kit (Qiagen)
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Purification of 476-bp PCR products
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15
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RNA extraction using Ambion MicroPoly(A)Purist (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA)
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Selection of mRNA from total RNA preparations
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16
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DNase I digestion (final concentration, 90 U/ml; Promega Co., WI, USA)
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Digestion of residual DNA before cDNA synthesis
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17
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SuperScript III Reverse Transcriptase (RT) (Life Technologies Corp., CA, USA)
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Synthesis of cDNA from purified mRNA for RT-PCR
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18
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Sybr Green qRT-PCR
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Quantification of B19V NS1 transcript expression
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